SLOPE OF THE LAND AND TYPE OF FUEL MATERIAL AFFECT THE SPEED OF FIRE PROPAGATION IN EXPERIMENTAL CONDITIONS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24979/ambiente.v13i2.368Keywords:
Forest fires, Deforestation, Experimental fire, Land use and land cover change, Fire spreadAbstract
Fire as a management tool in land use is a harmful practice to Amazonian ecosystems. Despite its importance, few studies are carried out in the region to assess the behavior of fire under environmental conditions. The study aimed to evaluate the speed of fire propagation by simulating, experimentally, the slope of the terrain in four treatments (0o; 15º; 30º; 45º) and three repetitions of different types of fuel. The fuels used were derived from litter (fine material) from pasture, secondary forest (regeneration) and forest. The fuels were placed on two wooden boards measuring 1.02 m2 (0.6 m x 1.7 m) forming a homogeneous layer 8-10 cm thick. The ignition of the material was carried out with fire drip at the base of the ramp. The highest average speed of propagation (0.1328 m s-1) was observed in the combustible material of the pasture at 45º of inclination, while the lowest speed (0.0020 m s-1) was derived from the regeneration material at 30º of inclination. In general, the simulated slope of the terrain and the types of fuels positively affected the speed of fire spread. However, problems in the control of some variables of the experiment gave a negative bias to the results. In view of the dizzying increase in the occurrences of forest fires observed in recent years, it is essential to understand the environmental conditions that maximize the spread of fire, being crucial for the development of more efficient public policies for the Amazon.
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